Background. To meet Ready Aircrew Program tasking requirements, the ANG operational training infrastructure enterprise requires realistic, multispectral target surrogates to replicate real-world complex target sets. The ANG currently employs a variety of high and medium fidelity surrogate targets, but still has shortfalls in realistic target acquisition and identification training. High-value complex target arrays are needed to mimic specific surface-to-air missile and anti-aircraft artillery sites and associated equipment. These arrays require the same characteristics as the actual entity to include visual footprint, density, and heat signatures. The ANG’s four electronic warfare (EW) training ranges require fifteen high fidelity targets each to be associated with specific EW threat emitters.